Model Description

Llama 3 is a large language AI model comprising a collection of models capable of generating text and code in response to prompts. Meta developed and released the Meta Llama 3 family of large language models (LLMs), a collection of pretrained and instruction tuned generative text models in 8 and 70B sizes. Token counts refer to pretraining data only. Both the 8B and 70B versions use Grouped-Query Attention (GQA) for improved inference scalability. The Llama 3 instruction-tuned models are optimized for dialogue use cases and outperform many of the available open source chat models on common industry benchmarks. Further, in developing these models, great care was taken to optimize helpfulness and safety.

This model is ready for commercial and non-commercial use.

Third-Party Community Consideration

This model is not owned or developed by NVIDIA. This model has been developed and built to a third-party’s requirements for this application and use case; see link to Non-NVIDIA\nMeta-Llama-3-70B Model Card.

Model Developer: Meta

License/Terms of Use

GOVERNING TERMS: The use of this model is governed by the NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement.
\nADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Meta Llama 3 Community License, Built with Meta Llama 3.

Deployment Geography: Global

Model Release Date: April 18, 2024

Status: This is a static model trained on an offline dataset. Future versions of the tuned models will be released as we improve model safety with community feedback.

Intended Use

Intended Use Cases Llama 3 is intended for commercial and research use in English. Instruction tuned models are intended for assistant-like chat, whereas pretrained models can be adapted for a variety of natural language generation tasks.

Out-of-scope Use in any manner that violates applicable laws or regulations (including trade compliance laws). Use in any other way that is prohibited by the Acceptable Use Policy and Llama 3 Community License.
\nUse in languages other than English.

Note: Developers may fine-tune Llama 3 models for languages beyond English provided they comply with the Llama 3 Community License and the Acceptable Use Policy.

Model Architecture

Architecture Type: Transformer
Network Architecture: Llama 3

Llama 3 is an auto-regressive language model that uses an optimized transformer architecture. The tuned versions use supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) to align with human preferences for helpfulness and safety.\nThis model was developed based on Meta-Llama-3-70B. This model has 70B of model parameters.

Input

Input Type: Text
Input Format: String
Input Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)

Output

Output Type: Text
Output Format: String
Output Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)

\n tr:nth-child(odd)]:bg-surface-sunken\">\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n	Training Data\n	Params\n	Context length\n	GQA\n	Token count\n	Knowledge cutoff\n
Llama 3\n	A new mix of publicly available online data.\n	8B\n	8k\n	Yes\n	15T+\n	March, 2023\n
70B\n	8k\n	Yes\n	December, 2023\n

Hardware and Software

Software Integration

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Runtime Engine(s): NeMo Framework 24.09
\n
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Supported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility:
\n
- NVIDIA Ampere
- NVIDIA Hopper
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Supported Operating System(s): Linux
\n

Model Version(s)

Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct 1.0 (April 18, 2024)

Training Factors

Meta used custom training libraries, Meta's Research SuperCluster, and production clusters for pretraining. Fine-tuning, annotation, and evaluation were also performed on third-party cloud compute.

Carbon Footprint Pretraining utilized a cumulative: 7.7M GPU hours of computation on hardware of type H100-80GB (TDP of 700W). Estimated total emissions were 2290 tCO2eq, 100% of which were offset by Meta’s sustainability program.

\n tr:nth-child(odd)]:bg-surface-sunken\">\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n	Time (GPU hours)\n	Power Consumption (W)\n	Carbon Emitted(tCO2eq)\n
Llama 3 8B\n	1.3M\n	700\n	390\n
Llama 3 70B\n	6.4M\n	700\n	1900\n
Total\n	7.7M\n	700\n	2290\n

CO2 emissions during pre-training. Time: total GPU time required for training each model. Power Consumption: peak power capacity per GPU device for the GPUs used adjusted for power usage efficiency. 100% of the emissions are directly offset by Meta's sustainability program, and because we are openly releasing these models, the pretraining costs do not need to be incurred by others.

Training Dataset

Data Collection for Training Datasets: Hybrid: Automated, Human
\nData Labeling for Training Datasets: Hybrid: Automated, Human

Overview Llama 3 was pretrained on over 15 trillion tokens of data from publicly available sources. The fine-tuning data includes publicly available instruction datasets, as well as over 10M human-annotated examples. Neither the pretraining nor the fine-tuning datasets include Meta user data.

Data Freshness The pretraining data has a cutoff of March 2023 for the 7B and December 2023 for the 70B models respectively.

Benchmarks

In this section, we report the results for Llama 3 models on standard automatic benchmarks. For all the evaluations, we use our internal evaluations library. For details on the methodology see here.

Base pretrained models

\n tr:nth-child(odd)]:bg-surface-sunken\">\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

Category\n	Benchmark\n	Llama 3 8B\n	Llama2 7B\n	Llama2 13B\n	Llama 3 70B\n	Llama2 70B\n
General\n	MMLU (5-shot)\n	66.6\n	45.7\n	53.8\n	79.5\n	69.7\n
AGIEval English (3-5 shot)\n	45.9\n	28.8\n	38.7\n	63.0\n	54.8\n
CommonSenseQA (7-shot)\n	72.6\n	57.6\n	67.6\n	83.8\n	78.7\n
Winogrande (5-shot)\n	76.1\n	73.3\n	75.4\n	83.1\n	81.8\n
BIG-Bench Hard (3-shot, CoT)\n	61.1\n	38.1\n	47.0\n	81.3\n	65.7\n
ARC-Challenge (25-shot)\n	78.6\n	53.7\n	67.6\n	93.0\n	85.3\n
Knowledge reasoning\n	TriviaQA-Wiki (5-shot)\n	78.5\n	72.1\n	79.6\n	89.7\n	87.5\n
Reading comprehension\n	SQuAD (1-shot)\n	76.4\n	72.2\n	72.1\n	85.6\n	82.6\n
QuAC (1-shot, F1)\n	44.4\n	39.6\n	44.9\n	51.1\n	49.4\n
BoolQ (0-shot)\n	75.7\n	65.5\n	66.9\n	79.0\n	73.1\n
DROP (3-shot, F1)\n	58.4\n	37.9\n	49.8\n	79.7\n	70.2\n

Instruction tuned models

\n tr:nth-child(odd)]:bg-surface-sunken\">\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

Benchmark\n	Llama 3 8B\n	Llama 2 7B\n	Llama 2 13B\n	Llama 3 70B\n	Llama 2 70B\n
MMLU (5-shot)\n	68.4\n	34.1\n	47.8\n	82.0\n	52.9\n
GPQA (0-shot)\n	34.2\n	21.7\n	22.3\n	39.5\n	21.0\n
HumanEval (0-shot)\n	62.2\n	7.9\n	14.0\n	81.7\n	25.6\n
GSM-8K (8-shot, CoT)\n	79.6\n	25.7\n	77.4\n	93.0\n	57.5\n
MATH (4-shot, CoT)\n	30.0\n	3.8\n	6.7\n	50.4\n	11.6\n

Inference

Engine: Triton
\nTest Hardware:

H100

Responsibility & Safety

Meta believes that an open approach to AI leads to better, safer products, faster innovation, and a bigger overall market. Several steps were taken to limit misuse and harm and support the open source community.

Foundation models are widely capable technologies that are built to be used for a diverse range of applications. They are not designed to meet every developer preference on safety levels for all use cases, out-of-the-box, as those by their nature will differ across different applications.

Rather, responsible LLM-application deployment is achieved by implementing a series of safety best practices throughout the development of such applications, from the model pre-training, fine-tuning and the deployment of systems composed of safeguards to tailor the safety needs specifically to the use case and audience.

Meta's Responsible Use Guide was updated as part of the Llama 3 release, to outline the steps and best practices for developers to implement model and system level safety for their application. Meta also provides a set of resources including Meta Llama Guard 2 and Code Shield safeguards. These tools have proven to drastically reduce residual risks of LLM Systems, while maintaining a high level of helpfulness. Developers are encouraged to tune and deploy these safeguards according to their needs and we provide a Reference Implementation to get you started.

Llama 3-Instruct

As outlined in the Responsible Use Guide, some trade-off between model helpfulness and model alignment is likely unavoidable. Developers should exercise discretion about how to weigh the benefits of alignment and helpfulness for their specific use case and audience. Developers should be mindful of residual risks when using Llama models and leverage additional safety tools as needed to reach the right safety bar for their use case.

Safety

For instruction-tuned models, extensive red teaming was conducted, along with adversarial evaluations. Safety mitigation techniques were implemented to lower residual risks. As with any Large Language Model, residual risks will likely remain and we recommend that developers assess these risks in the context of their use case. In parallel, we are working with the community to make AI safety benchmark standards transparent, rigorous, and interpretable.

Refusals

In addition to residual risks, a great emphasis was placed on model refusals to benign prompts. Over-refusing not only can impact the user experience but could even be harmful in certain contexts as well. Meta have heard the feedback from the developer community and improved their fine-tuning to ensure that Llama 3 is significantly less likely to falsely refuse to answer prompts than Llama 2.

Meta built internal benchmarks and developed mitigations to limit false refusals making Llama 3 their most helpful model to date.

Responsible Release

In addition to responsible use considerations outlined above, we followed a rigorous process that requires us to take extra measures against misuse and critical risks before we make our release decision.

Misuse

If you access or use Llama 3, you agree to the Acceptable Use Policy. The most recent copy of this policy can be found at https://llama.meta.com/llama3/use-policy/.

Critical risks

CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and high yield Explosives)

We have conducted a two fold assessment of the safety of the model in this area:

Iterative testing during model training to assess the safety of responses related to CBRNE threats and other adversarial risks.
Involving external CBRNE experts to conduct an uplift test assessing the ability of the model to accurately provide expert knowledge and reduce barriers to potential CBRNE misuse, by reference to what can be achieved using web search (without the model).

Cyber Security

We have evaluated Llama 3 with CyberSecEval, Meta’s cybersecurity safety eval suite, measuring Llama 3’s propensity to suggest insecure code when used as a coding assistant, and Llama 3’s propensity to comply with requests to help carry out cyber attacks, where attacks are defined by the industry standard MITRE ATT&CK cyber attack ontology. On our insecure coding and cyber attacker helpfulness tests, Llama 3 behaved in the same range or safer than models of equivalent coding capability.

Child Safety

Child Safety risk assessments were conducted using a team of experts, to assess the model’s capability to produce outputs that could result in Child Safety risks and inform on any necessary and appropriate risk mitigations via fine tuning. We leveraged those expert red teaming sessions to expand the coverage of our evaluation benchmarks through Llama 3 model development. For Llama 3, we conducted new in-depth sessions using objective based methodologies to assess the model risks along multiple attack vectors. We also partnered with content specialists to perform red teaming exercises assessing potentially violating content while taking account of market specific nuances or experiences.

Community

Generative AI safety requires expertise and tooling, and we believe in the strength of the open community to accelerate its progress. We are active members of open consortiums, including the AI Alliance, Partnership in AI and MLCommons, actively contributing to safety standardization and transparency. We encourage the community to adopt taxonomies like the MLCommons Proof of Concept evaluation to facilitate collaboration and transparency on safety and content evaluations. Our Purple Llama tools are open sourced for the community to use and widely distributed across ecosystem partners including cloud service providers. We encourage community contributions to our Github repository.

Finally, we put in place a set of resources including an output reporting mechanism and bug bounty program to continuously improve the Llama technology with the help of the community.

Ethical Considerations and Limitations

The core values of Llama 3 are openness, inclusivity and helpfulness. It is meant to serve everyone, and to work for a wide range of use cases. It is thus designed to be accessible to people across many different backgrounds, experiences and perspectives. Llama 3 addresses users and their needs as they are, without insertion unnecessary judgment or normativity, while reflecting the understanding that even content that may appear problematic in some cases can serve valuable purposes in others. It respects the dignity and autonomy of all users, especially in terms of the values of free thought and expression that power innovation and progress.

But Llama 3 is a new technology, and like any new technology, there are risks associated with its use. Testing conducted to date has been in English, and has not covered, nor could it cover, all scenarios. For these reasons, as with all LLMs, Llama 3’s potential outputs cannot be predicted in advance, and the model may in some instances produce inaccurate, biased or other objectionable responses to user prompts. Therefore, before deploying any applications of Llama 3 models, developers should perform safety testing and tuning tailored to their specific applications of the model. As outlined in the Responsible Use Guide, we recommend incorporating Purple Llama solutions into your workflows and specifically Llama Guard which provides a base model to filter input and output prompts to layer system-level safety on top of model-level safety.

Please see the Responsible Use Guide available at http://llama.meta.com/responsible-use-guide

NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse. Please report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns here.

Citation Instructions

@article{llama3modelcard,

title={Llama 3 Model Card},

author={AI@Meta},

year={2024},

url = {https://github.com/meta-llama/llama3/blob/main/MODEL_CARD.md}

}

Contributors

Aaditya Singh; Aaron Grattafiori; Abhimanyu Dubey; Abhinav Jauhri; Abhinav Pandey; Abhishek Kadian; Adam Kelsey; Adi Gangidi; Ahmad Al-Dahle; Ahuva Goldstand; Aiesha Letman; Ajay Menon; Akhil Mathur; Alan Schelten; Alex Vaughan; Amy Yang; Andrei Lupu; Andres Alvarado; Andrew Gallagher; Andrew Gu; Andrew Ho; Andrew Poulton; Andrew Ryan; Angela Fan; Ankit Ramchandani; Anthony Hartshorn; Archi Mitra; Archie Sravankumar; Artem Korenev; Arun Rao; Ashley Gabriel; Ashwin Bharambe; Assaf Eisenman; Aston Zhang; Aurelien Rodriguez; Austen Gregerson; Ava Spataru; Baptiste Roziere; Ben Maurer; Benjamin Leonhardi; Bernie Huang; Bhargavi Paranjape; Bing Liu; Binh Tang; Bobbie Chern; Brani Stojkovic; Brian Fuller; Catalina Mejia Arenas; Chao Zhou; Charlotte Caucheteux; Chaya Nayak; Ching-Hsiang Chu; Chloe Bi; Chris Cai; Chris Cox; Chris Marra; Chris McConnell; Christian Keller; Christoph Feichtenhofer; Christophe Touret; Chunyang Wu; Corinne Wong; Cristian Canton Ferrer; Damien Allonsius; Daniel Kreymer; Daniel Haziza; Daniel Li; Danielle Pintz; Danny Livshits; Danny Wyatt; David Adkins; David Esiobu; David Xu; Davide Testuggine; Delia David; Devi Parikh; Dhruv Choudhary; Dhruv Mahajan; Diana Liskovich; Diego Garcia-Olano; Diego Perino; Dieuwke Hupkes; Dingkang Wang; Dustin Holland; Egor Lakomkin; Elina Lobanova; Xiaoqing Ellen Tan; Emily Dinan; Eric Smith; Erik Brinkman; Esteban Arcaute; Filip Radenovic; Firat Ozgenel; Francesco Caggioni; Frank Seide; Frank Zhang; Gabriel Synnaeve; Gabriella Schwarz; Gabrielle Lee; Gada Badeer; Georgia Anderson; Graeme Nail; Gregoire Mialon; Guan Pang; Guillem Cucurell; Hailey Nguyen; Hannah Korevaar; Hannah Wang; Haroun Habeeb; Harrison Rudolph; Henry Aspegren; Hu Xu; Hugo Touvron; Iga Kozlowska; Igor Molybog; Igor Tufanov; Iliyan Zarov; Imanol Arrieta Ibarra; Irina-Elena Veliche; Isabel Kloumann; Ishan Misra; Ivan Evtimov; Jacob Xu; Jade Copet; Jake Weissman; Jan Geffert; Jana Vranes; Japhet Asher; Jason Park; Jay Mahadeokar; Jean-Baptiste Gaya; Jeet Shah; Jelmer van der Linde; Jennifer Chan; Jenny Hong; Jenya Lee; Jeremy Fu; Jeremy Teboul; Jianfeng Chi; Jianyu Huang; Jie Wang; Jiecao Yu; Joanna Bitton; Joe Spisak; Joelle Pineau; Jon Carvill; Jongsoo Park; Joseph Rocca; Joshua Johnstun; Junteng Jia; Kalyan Vasuden Alwala; Kam Hou U; Kate Plawiak; Kartikeya Upasani; Kaushik Veeraraghavan; Ke Li; Kenneth Heafield; Kevin Stone; Khalid El-Arini; Krithika Iyer; Kshitiz Malik; Kuenley Chiu; Kunal Bhalla; Kyle Huang; Lakshya Garg; Lauren Rantala-Yeary; Laurens van der Maaten; Lawrence Chen; Leandro Silva; Lee Bell; Lei Zhang; Liang Tan; Louis Martin; Lovish Madaan; Luca Wehrstedt; Lukas Blecher; Luke de Oliveira; Madeline Muzzi; Madian Khabsa; Manav Avlani; Mannat Singh; Manohar Paluri; Mark Zuckerberg; Marcin Kardas; Martynas Mankus; Mathew Oldham; Mathieu Rita; Matthew Lennie; Maya Pavlova; Meghan Keneally; Melanie Kambadur; Mihir Patel; Mikayel Samvelyan; Mike Clark; Mike Lewis; Min Si; Mitesh Kumar Singh; Mo Metanat; Mona Hassan; Naman Goyal; Narjes Torabi; Nicolas Usunier; Nikolay Bashlykov; Nikolay Bogoychev; Niladri Chatterji; Ning Dong; Oliver Aobo Yang; Olivier Duchenne; Onur Celebi; Parth Parekh; Patrick Alrassy; Paul Saab; Pavan Balaji; Pedro Rittner; Pengchuan Zhang; Pengwei Li; Petar Vasic; Peter Weng; Polina Zvyagina; Prajjwal Bhargava; Pratik Dubal; Praveen Krishnan; Punit Singh Koura; Qing He; Rachel Rodriguez; Ragavan Srinivasan; Rahul Mitra; Ramon Calderer; Raymond Li; Robert Stojnic; Roberta Raileanu; Robin Battey; Rocky Wang; Rohit Girdhar; Rohit Patel; Romain Sauvestre; Ronnie Polidoro; Roshan Sumbaly; Ross Taylor; Ruan Silva; Rui Hou; Rui Wang; Russ Howes; Ruty Rinott; Saghar Hosseini; Sai Jayesh Bondu; Samyak Datta; Sanjay Singh; Sara Chugh; Sargun Dhillon; Satadru Pan; Sean Bell; Sergey Edunov; Shaoliang Nie; Sharan Narang; Sharath Raparthy; Shaun Lindsay; Sheng Feng; Sheng Shen; Shenghao Lin; Shiva Shankar; Shruti Bhosale; Shun Zhang; Simon Vandenhende; Sinong Wang; Seohyun Sonia Kim; Soumya Batra; Sten Sootla; Steve Kehoe; Suchin Gururangan; Sumit Gupta; Sunny Virk; Sydney Borodinsky; Tamar Glaser; Tamar Herman; Tamara Best; Tara Fowler; Thomas Georgiou; Thomas Scialom; Tianhe Li; Todor Mihaylov; Tong Xiao; Ujjwal Karn; Vedanuj Goswami; Vibhor Gupta; Vignesh Ramanathan; Viktor Kerkez; Vinay Satish Kumar; Vincent Gonguet; Vish Vogeti; Vlad Poenaru; Vlad Tiberiu Mihailescu; Vladan Petrovic; Vladimir Ivanov; Wei Li; Weiwei Chu; Wenhan Xiong; Wenyin Fu; Wes Bouaziz; Whitney Meers; Will Constable; Xavier Martinet; Xiaojian Wu; Xinbo Gao; Xinfeng Xie; Xuchao Jia; Yaelle Goldschlag; Yann LeCun; Yashesh Gaur; Yasmine Babaei; Ye Qi; Yenda Li; Yi Wen; Yiwen Song; Youngjin Nam; Yuchen Hao; Yuchen Zhang; Yun Wang; Yuning Mao; Yuzi He; Zacharie Delpierre Coudert; Zachary DeVito; Zahra Hankir; Zhaoduo Wen; Zheng Yan; Zhengxing Chen; Zhenyu Yang; Zoe Papakipos

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\nADDITIONAL INFORMATION: [Meta Llama 3 Community License](https://www.llama.com/llama3/license/), Built with Meta Llama 3.\n\n**Deployment Geography:** Global\n\n**Model Release Date:** April 18, 2024\n\n**Status:** This is a static model trained on an offline dataset. Future versions of the tuned models will be released as we improve model safety with community feedback.\n\n## Intended Use\n\n**Intended Use Cases** Llama 3 is intended for commercial and research use in English. Instruction tuned models are intended for assistant-like chat, whereas pretrained models can be adapted for a variety of natural language generation tasks.\n\n**Out-of-scope** Use in any manner that violates applicable laws or regulations (including trade compliance laws). Use in any other way that is prohibited by the Acceptable Use Policy and Llama 3 Community License.
\n**Use in languages other than English**.\n\n**Note:** Developers may fine-tune Llama 3 models for languages beyond English provided they comply with the Llama 3 Community License and the Acceptable Use Policy.\n\n**Model Architecture** \n* Architecture Type: Transformer\n* Network Architecture: Llama 3\n\nLlama 3 is an auto-regressive language model that uses an optimized transformer architecture. The tuned versions use supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) to align with human preferences for helpfulness and safety.\nThis model was developed based on [Meta-Llama-3-70B](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B). This model has 70B of model parameters.\n\n**Input** \n* Input Type: Text \n* Input Format: String \n* Input Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)\n\n**Output** \n* Output Type: Text\n* Output Format: String \n* Output Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n	Training Data\n	Params\n	Context length\n	GQA\n	Token count\n	Knowledge cutoff\n
Llama 3\n	A new mix of publicly available online data.\n	8B\n	8k\n	Yes\n	15T+\n	March, 2023\n
70B\n	8k\n	Yes\n	December, 2023\n

\n\n\n## Hardware and Software\n\n### Software Integration\n* **Runtime Engine(s):** [NeMo Framework 24.09](https://docs.nvidia.com/nemo-framework/user-guide/latest/changelog.html#nemo-framework-24-09)\n\n* **Supported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility:** \n * NVIDIA Ampere\n * NVIDIA Hopper\n\n* **Supported Operating System(s):** Linux\n\n## Model Version(s)\nMeta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct 1.0 (April 18, 2024)\n\n## Training Factors\nMeta used custom training libraries, Meta's Research SuperCluster, and production clusters for pretraining. Fine-tuning, annotation, and evaluation were also performed on third-party cloud compute.\n\n**Carbon Footprint Pretraining utilized a cumulative:** 7.7M GPU hours of computation on hardware of type H100-80GB (TDP of 700W). Estimated total emissions were 2290 tCO2eq, 100% of which were offset by Meta’s sustainability program.\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n	Time (GPU hours)\n	Power Consumption (W)\n	Carbon Emitted(tCO2eq)\n
Llama 3 8B\n	1.3M\n	700\n	390\n
Llama 3 70B\n	6.4M\n	700\n	1900\n
Total\n	7.7M\n	700\n	2290\n

\n\n\n**CO2 emissions during pre-training**. Time: total GPU time required for training each model. Power Consumption: peak power capacity per GPU device for the GPUs used adjusted for power usage efficiency. 100% of the emissions are directly offset by Meta's sustainability program, and because we are openly releasing these models, the pretraining costs do not need to be incurred by others.\n\n\n## Training Dataset\n**Data Collection for Training Datasets:** Hybrid: Automated, Human
\n**Data Labeling for Training Datasets:** Hybrid: Automated, Human
\n\n**Overview** Llama 3 was pretrained on over 15 trillion tokens of data from publicly available sources. The fine-tuning data includes publicly available instruction datasets, as well as over 10M human-annotated examples. Neither the pretraining nor the fine-tuning datasets include Meta user data.\n\n**Data Freshness** The pretraining data has a cutoff of March 2023 for the 7B and December 2023 for the 70B models respectively. \n\n\n## Benchmarks \n\nIn this section, we report the results for Llama 3 models on standard automatic benchmarks. For all the evaluations, we use our internal evaluations library. For details on the methodology see [here](https://github.com/meta-llama/llama3/blob/main/eval_methodology.md).\n\n\n### Base pretrained models\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

Category\n	Benchmark\n	Llama 3 8B\n	Llama2 7B\n	Llama2 13B\n	Llama 3 70B\n	Llama2 70B\n
General\n	MMLU (5-shot)\n	66.6\n	45.7\n	53.8\n	79.5\n	69.7\n
AGIEval English (3-5 shot)\n	45.9\n	28.8\n	38.7\n	63.0\n	54.8\n
CommonSenseQA (7-shot)\n	72.6\n	57.6\n	67.6\n	83.8\n	78.7\n
Winogrande (5-shot)\n	76.1\n	73.3\n	75.4\n	83.1\n	81.8\n
BIG-Bench Hard (3-shot, CoT)\n	61.1\n	38.1\n	47.0\n	81.3\n	65.7\n
ARC-Challenge (25-shot)\n	78.6\n	53.7\n	67.6\n	93.0\n	85.3\n
Knowledge reasoning\n	TriviaQA-Wiki (5-shot)\n	78.5\n	72.1\n	79.6\n	89.7\n	87.5\n
Reading comprehension\n	SQuAD (1-shot)\n	76.4\n	72.2\n	72.1\n	85.6\n	82.6\n
QuAC (1-shot, F1)\n	44.4\n	39.6\n	44.9\n	51.1\n	49.4\n
BoolQ (0-shot)\n	75.7\n	65.5\n	66.9\n	79.0\n	73.1\n
DROP (3-shot, F1)\n	58.4\n	37.9\n	49.8\n	79.7\n	70.2\n

\n\n\n\n### Instruction tuned models\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

Benchmark\n	Llama 3 8B\n	Llama 2 7B\n	Llama 2 13B\n	Llama 3 70B\n	Llama 2 70B\n
MMLU (5-shot)\n	68.4\n	34.1\n	47.8\n	82.0\n	52.9\n
GPQA (0-shot)\n	34.2\n	21.7\n	22.3\n	39.5\n	21.0\n
HumanEval (0-shot)\n	62.2\n	7.9\n	14.0\n	81.7\n	25.6\n
GSM-8K (8-shot, CoT)\n	79.6\n	25.7\n	77.4\n	93.0\n	57.5\n
MATH (4-shot, CoT)\n	30.0\n	3.8\n	6.7\n	50.4\n	11.6\n

\n\n### Inference\n**Engine:** Triton
\n**Test Hardware:**
\n* H100
\n\n### Responsibility & Safety\n\nMeta believes that an open approach to AI leads to better, safer products, faster innovation, and a bigger overall market. Several steps were taken to limit misuse and harm and support the open source community.\n\nFoundation models are widely capable technologies that are built to be used for a diverse range of applications. They are not designed to meet every developer preference on safety levels for all use cases, out-of-the-box, as those by their nature will differ across different applications. \n\nRather, responsible LLM-application deployment is achieved by implementing a series of safety best practices throughout the development of such applications, from the model pre-training, fine-tuning and the deployment of systems composed of safeguards to tailor the safety needs specifically to the use case and audience. \n\nMeta's [Responsible Use Guide](https://llama.meta.com/responsible-use-guide/) was updated as part of the Llama 3 release, to outline the steps and best practices for developers to implement model and system level safety for their application. Meta also provides a set of resources including [Meta Llama Guard 2](https://llama.meta.com/purple-llama/) and [Code Shield](https://llama.meta.com/purple-llama/) safeguards. These tools have proven to drastically reduce residual risks of LLM Systems, while maintaining a high level of helpfulness. Developers are encouraged to tune and deploy these safeguards according to their needs and we provide a [Reference Implementation](https://github.com/meta-llama/llama-recipes/tree/main/recipes/responsible_ai) to get you started.\n\n\n#### Llama 3-Instruct\n\nAs outlined in the Responsible Use Guide, some trade-off between model helpfulness and model alignment is likely unavoidable. Developers should exercise discretion about how to weigh the benefits of alignment and helpfulness for their specific use case and audience. Developers should be mindful of residual risks when using Llama models and leverage additional safety tools as needed to reach the right safety bar for their use case. \n\nSafety\n\nFor instruction-tuned models, extensive red teaming was conducted, along with adversarial evaluations. Safety mitigation techniques were implemented to lower residual risks. As with any Large Language Model, residual risks will likely remain and we recommend that developers assess these risks in the context of their use case. In parallel, we are working with the community to make AI safety benchmark standards transparent, rigorous, and interpretable. \n\nRefusals\n\nIn addition to residual risks, a great emphasis was placed on model refusals to benign prompts. Over-refusing not only can impact the user experience but could even be harmful in certain contexts as well. Meta have heard the feedback from the developer community and improved their fine-tuning to ensure that Llama 3 is significantly less likely to falsely refuse to answer prompts than Llama 2. \n\nMeta built internal benchmarks and developed mitigations to limit false refusals making Llama 3 their most helpful model to date. \n\n#### Responsible Release \n\nIn addition to responsible use considerations outlined above, we followed a rigorous process that requires us to take extra measures against misuse and critical risks before we make our release decision. \n\n#### Misuse\n\nIf you access or use Llama 3, you agree to the Acceptable Use Policy. The most recent copy of this policy can be found at [https://llama.meta.com/llama3/use-policy/](https://llama.meta.com/llama3/use-policy/).\n\n\n#### Critical risks \n\nCBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and high yield Explosives)\n\nWe have conducted a two fold assessment of the safety of the model in this area:\n\n* Iterative testing during model training to assess the safety of responses related to CBRNE threats and other adversarial risks.\n* Involving external CBRNE experts to conduct an uplift test assessing the ability of the model to accurately provide expert knowledge and reduce barriers to potential CBRNE misuse, by reference to what can be achieved using web search (without the model).\n\n\n### Cyber Security \n\nWe have evaluated Llama 3 with CyberSecEval, Meta’s cybersecurity safety eval suite, measuring Llama 3’s propensity to suggest insecure code when used as a coding assistant, and Llama 3’s propensity to comply with requests to help carry out cyber attacks, where attacks are defined by the industry standard MITRE ATT&CK cyber attack ontology. On our insecure coding and cyber attacker helpfulness tests, Llama 3 behaved in the same range or safer than models of [equivalent coding capability](https://huggingface.co/spaces/facebook/CyberSecEval). \n\n\n### Child Safety\n\nChild Safety risk assessments were conducted using a team of experts, to assess the model’s capability to produce outputs that could result in Child Safety risks and inform on any necessary and appropriate risk mitigations via fine tuning. We leveraged those expert red teaming sessions to expand the coverage of our evaluation benchmarks through Llama 3 model development. For Llama 3, we conducted new in-depth sessions using objective based methodologies to assess the model risks along multiple attack vectors. We also partnered with content specialists to perform red teaming exercises assessing potentially violating content while taking account of market specific nuances or experiences. \n\n\n### Community \n\nGenerative AI safety requires expertise and tooling, and we believe in the strength of the open community to accelerate its progress. We are active members of open consortiums, including the AI Alliance, Partnership in AI and MLCommons, actively contributing to safety standardization and transparency. We encourage the community to adopt taxonomies like the MLCommons Proof of Concept evaluation to facilitate collaboration and transparency on safety and content evaluations. Our Purple Llama tools are open sourced for the community to use and widely distributed across ecosystem partners including cloud service providers. We encourage community contributions to our [Github repository](https://github.com/meta-llama/PurpleLlama). \n\nFinally, we put in place a set of resources including an [output reporting mechanism](https://developers.facebook.com/llama_output_feedback) and [bug bounty program](https://www.facebook.com/whitehat) to continuously improve the Llama technology with the help of the community. \n\n\n## Ethical Considerations and Limitations\n\nThe core values of Llama 3 are openness, inclusivity and helpfulness. It is meant to serve everyone, and to work for a wide range of use cases. It is thus designed to be accessible to people across many different backgrounds, experiences and perspectives. Llama 3 addresses users and their needs as they are, without insertion unnecessary judgment or normativity, while reflecting the understanding that even content that may appear problematic in some cases can serve valuable purposes in others. It respects the dignity and autonomy of all users, especially in terms of the values of free thought and expression that power innovation and progress. \n\nBut Llama 3 is a new technology, and like any new technology, there are risks associated with its use. Testing conducted to date has been in English, and has not covered, nor could it cover, all scenarios. For these reasons, as with all LLMs, Llama 3’s potential outputs cannot be predicted in advance, and the model may in some instances produce inaccurate, biased or other objectionable responses to user prompts. Therefore, before deploying any applications of Llama 3 models, developers should perform safety testing and tuning tailored to their specific applications of the model. As outlined in the Responsible Use Guide, we recommend incorporating [Purple Llama](https://github.com/facebookresearch/PurpleLlama) solutions into your workflows and specifically [Llama Guard](https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/llama-guard-llm-based-input-output-safeguard-for-human-ai-conversations/) which provides a base model to filter input and output prompts to layer system-level safety on top of model-level safety. \n\nPlease see the Responsible Use Guide available at [http://llama.meta.com/responsible-use-guide](http://llama.meta.com/responsible-use-guide)\n\nNVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse. Please report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns [here](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/support/submit-security-vulnerability/).\n\n## Citation Instructions\n\n@article{llama3modelcard,\n\n title={Llama 3 Model Card},\n\n author={AI@Meta},\n\n year={2024},\n\n url = {https://github.com/meta-llama/llama3/blob/main/MODEL_CARD.md}\n\n}\n\n## Contributors\n\nAaditya Singh; Aaron Grattafiori; Abhimanyu Dubey; Abhinav Jauhri; Abhinav Pandey; Abhishek Kadian; Adam Kelsey; Adi Gangidi; Ahmad Al-Dahle; Ahuva Goldstand; Aiesha Letman; Ajay Menon; Akhil Mathur; Alan Schelten; Alex Vaughan; Amy Yang; Andrei Lupu; Andres Alvarado; Andrew Gallagher; Andrew Gu; Andrew Ho; Andrew Poulton; Andrew Ryan; Angela Fan; Ankit Ramchandani; Anthony Hartshorn; Archi Mitra; Archie Sravankumar; Artem Korenev; Arun Rao; Ashley Gabriel; Ashwin Bharambe; Assaf Eisenman; Aston Zhang; Aurelien Rodriguez; Austen Gregerson; Ava Spataru; Baptiste Roziere; Ben Maurer; Benjamin Leonhardi; Bernie Huang; Bhargavi Paranjape; Bing Liu; Binh Tang; Bobbie Chern; Brani Stojkovic; Brian Fuller; Catalina Mejia Arenas; Chao Zhou; Charlotte Caucheteux; Chaya Nayak; Ching-Hsiang Chu; Chloe Bi; Chris Cai; Chris Cox; Chris Marra; Chris McConnell; Christian Keller; Christoph Feichtenhofer; Christophe Touret; Chunyang Wu; Corinne Wong; Cristian Canton Ferrer; Damien Allonsius; Daniel Kreymer; Daniel Haziza; Daniel Li; Danielle Pintz; Danny Livshits; Danny Wyatt; David Adkins; David Esiobu; David Xu; Davide Testuggine; Delia David; Devi Parikh; Dhruv Choudhary; Dhruv Mahajan; Diana Liskovich; Diego Garcia-Olano; Diego Perino; Dieuwke Hupkes; Dingkang Wang; Dustin Holland; Egor Lakomkin; Elina Lobanova; Xiaoqing Ellen Tan; Emily Dinan; Eric Smith; Erik Brinkman; Esteban Arcaute; Filip Radenovic; Firat Ozgenel; Francesco Caggioni; Frank Seide; Frank Zhang; Gabriel Synnaeve; Gabriella Schwarz; Gabrielle Lee; Gada Badeer; Georgia Anderson; Graeme Nail; Gregoire Mialon; Guan Pang; Guillem Cucurell; Hailey Nguyen; Hannah Korevaar; Hannah Wang; Haroun Habeeb; Harrison Rudolph; Henry Aspegren; Hu Xu; Hugo Touvron; Iga Kozlowska; Igor Molybog; Igor Tufanov; Iliyan Zarov; Imanol Arrieta Ibarra; Irina-Elena Veliche; Isabel Kloumann; Ishan Misra; Ivan Evtimov; Jacob Xu; Jade Copet; Jake Weissman; Jan Geffert; Jana Vranes; Japhet Asher; Jason Park; Jay Mahadeokar; Jean-Baptiste Gaya; Jeet Shah; Jelmer van der Linde; Jennifer Chan; Jenny Hong; Jenya Lee; Jeremy Fu; Jeremy Teboul; Jianfeng Chi; Jianyu Huang; Jie Wang; Jiecao Yu; Joanna Bitton; Joe Spisak; Joelle Pineau; Jon Carvill; Jongsoo Park; Joseph Rocca; Joshua Johnstun; Junteng Jia; Kalyan Vasuden Alwala; Kam Hou U; Kate Plawiak; Kartikeya Upasani; Kaushik Veeraraghavan; Ke Li; Kenneth Heafield; Kevin Stone; Khalid El-Arini; Krithika Iyer; Kshitiz Malik; Kuenley Chiu; Kunal Bhalla; Kyle Huang; Lakshya Garg; Lauren Rantala-Yeary; Laurens van der Maaten; Lawrence Chen; Leandro Silva; Lee Bell; Lei Zhang; Liang Tan; Louis Martin; Lovish Madaan; Luca Wehrstedt; Lukas Blecher; Luke de Oliveira; Madeline Muzzi; Madian Khabsa; Manav Avlani; Mannat Singh; Manohar Paluri; Mark Zuckerberg; Marcin Kardas; Martynas Mankus; Mathew Oldham; Mathieu Rita; Matthew Lennie; Maya Pavlova; Meghan Keneally; Melanie Kambadur; Mihir Patel; Mikayel Samvelyan; Mike Clark; Mike Lewis; Min Si; Mitesh Kumar Singh; Mo Metanat; Mona Hassan; Naman Goyal; Narjes Torabi; Nicolas Usunier; Nikolay Bashlykov; Nikolay Bogoychev; Niladri Chatterji; Ning Dong; Oliver Aobo Yang; Olivier Duchenne; Onur Celebi; Parth Parekh; Patrick Alrassy; Paul Saab; Pavan Balaji; Pedro Rittner; Pengchuan Zhang; Pengwei Li; Petar Vasic; Peter Weng; Polina Zvyagina; Prajjwal Bhargava; Pratik Dubal; Praveen Krishnan; Punit Singh Koura; Qing He; Rachel Rodriguez; Ragavan Srinivasan; Rahul Mitra; Ramon Calderer; Raymond Li; Robert Stojnic; Roberta Raileanu; Robin Battey; Rocky Wang; Rohit Girdhar; Rohit Patel; Romain Sauvestre; Ronnie Polidoro; Roshan Sumbaly; Ross Taylor; Ruan Silva; Rui Hou; Rui Wang; Russ Howes; Ruty Rinott; Saghar Hosseini; Sai Jayesh Bondu; Samyak Datta; Sanjay Singh; Sara Chugh; Sargun Dhillon; Satadru Pan; Sean Bell; Sergey Edunov; Shaoliang Nie; Sharan Narang; Sharath Raparthy; Shaun Lindsay; Sheng Feng; Sheng Shen; Shenghao Lin; Shiva Shankar; Shruti Bhosale; Shun Zhang; Simon Vandenhende; Sinong Wang; Seohyun Sonia Kim; Soumya Batra; Sten Sootla; Steve Kehoe; Suchin Gururangan; Sumit Gupta; Sunny Virk; Sydney Borodinsky; Tamar Glaser; Tamar Herman; Tamara Best; Tara Fowler; Thomas Georgiou; Thomas Scialom; Tianhe Li; Todor Mihaylov; Tong Xiao; Ujjwal Karn; Vedanuj Goswami; Vibhor Gupta; Vignesh Ramanathan; Viktor Kerkez; Vinay Satish Kumar; Vincent Gonguet; Vish Vogeti; Vlad Poenaru; Vlad Tiberiu Mihailescu; Vladan Petrovic; Vladimir Ivanov; Wei Li; Weiwei Chu; Wenhan Xiong; Wenyin Fu; Wes Bouaziz; Whitney Meers; Will Constable; Xavier Martinet; Xiaojian Wu; Xinbo Gao; Xinfeng Xie; Xuchao Jia; Yaelle Goldschlag; Yann LeCun; Yashesh Gaur; Yasmine Babaei; Ye Qi; Yenda Li; Yi Wen; Yiwen Song; Youngjin Nam; Yuchen Hao; Yuchen Zhang; Yun Wang; Yuning Mao; Yuzi He; Zacharie Delpierre Coudert; Zachary DeVito; Zahra Hankir; Zhaoduo Wen; Zheng Yan; Zhengxing Chen; Zhenyu Yang; Zoe Papakipos","displayName","Meta Llama 3 70B Instruct",["D",1744656587470],"publisher","Meta","latestVersion","versions","collectionCounts","imageUrl","/api/image/nvidia/nemo/models/llama-3-70b-instruct-nemo","rawImageUrl","https://assets.nvidiagrid.net/ngc/logos/Nemo.png","canGuestDownload","latestVersionSizeInBytes","licenseTerms","isMultinodeEnabled","isMultiArchitecture","bias","","explainability","privacy","safetyAndSecurity","featureLabels",[],"displayLabels",[319,320],"policyLabels",[],"systemLabels",[],"products",[],"hasNimMetadata",{"_286":328,"_322":328,"_323":329,"_325":326},{"_286":321,"_322":321,"_323":324,"_325":326},"NSPECT-8JJD-ZCD1","value","filter",{"_327":326,"_322":321},"category","label","field","NeMo",{"_327":330,"_322":328},"framework",{"_183":1505,"_185":1506},"ngcApps",[1458],"csaApiBaseUrl","https://www.nvidia.com/ai-agents/csa-agent/dcsm","datadogRum",{"_1439":1440,"_1441":1442,"_1443":1444,"_1445":1446,"_1447":342,"_215":366,"_1448":1449,"_1450":57,"_1451":162,"_1452":162,"_1453":1454,"_1455":162,"_1456":1457},"amplitude",{"_1436":1437,"_1038":-7,"_1438":32},"disableJs","environment","prod","featureFlagsBlob","JTdCJTIydGVzdEZsYWclMjIlM0FmYWxzZSUyQyUyMnNob3dTZWFyY2hMYWJlbFNldEZpbHRlcnMlMjIlM0FmYWxzZSUyQyUyMmNoaW5hTmltRGlzdHJpYnV0b3JzUmVkZXNpZ24lMjIlM0F0cnVlJTJDJTIyZW5hYmxlQ3NhV2lkZ2V0JTIyJTNBZmFsc2UlMkMlMjJlbmFibGVQcm9kdWN0R3JvdXBpbmdCeVN1YnNjcmlwdGlvbiUyMiUzQWZhbHNlJTJDJTIyY29udGFpbmVyU2Nhbm5pbmdSZWRlc2lnbk0xJTIyJTNBdHJ1ZSU3RA==","featureFlagsGuarded","isDevLikeEnv","isPlaywright","isMobileDevice","categorizedOrgs",{"_1430":1431,"_1432":1433,"_1434":1435},"currentOrgContext","currentContextRoles",[],"enterpriseOrgs",[],"locale","en","ngcApiOrigin","ngcHelmOrigin","origin","https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com","usesMocks","theme","year",2026,"1.7.3","defaultSearchSuggestions",{"_1313":304,"_1314":1315,"_1316":1317,"_1318":1319},"announcements",[],"consentState",{"_403":1303,"_1304":162,"_1305":32,"_1306":32,"_1307":1308},"consentConfig",{"_385":386,"_387":388,"_389":390,"_391":392,"_393":394,"_395":396,"_397":398,"_399":400,"_401":402,"_403":404},"showContactAdmin",1784214866348,[],[],[380,381,382,383,384],{"_46":60,"_48":71,"_50":178,"_52":-5,"_54":-5,"_56":57},{"_46":60,"_48":69,"_50":178,"_52":-5,"_54":-5,"_56":57},{"_46":60,"_48":61,"_50":178,"_52":-5,"_54":-5,"_56":57},{"_46":58,"_48":59,"_50":51,"_52":53,"_54":55,"_56":57},{"_46":47,"_48":49,"_50":178,"_52":-5,"_54":-5,"_56":57},"mainInfoText","We and our third-party partners (including social media, advertising, and analytics partners) use cookies and other tracking technologies to collect, store, monitor, and process certain information about you when you visit our website. 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We and our advertising partners will use this information to make our websites and the advertising displayed on it, more relevant to your interests.",5,[554,555,556,557,558,559,560,561,562,563,564,565,566,567,568,569,570,571,572,573,574,575,576,577,578,579,580,581,582,583,584,585,586,587,588],[427,428,429,430,431,432,433,434,435,436,437,438,439,440,441,442,443],{"_444":550,"_286":550,"_243":304,"_417":551},{"_444":545,"_286":545,"_243":304,"_417":546},{"_444":541,"_286":541,"_243":304,"_417":542},{"_444":536,"_286":536,"_243":304,"_417":537},{"_444":531,"_286":531,"_243":304,"_417":532},{"_444":519,"_286":519,"_243":304,"_417":520},{"_444":507,"_286":507,"_243":304,"_417":508},{"_444":502,"_286":502,"_243":304,"_417":503},{"_444":491,"_286":491,"_243":304,"_417":492},{"_444":486,"_286":486,"_243":304,"_417":487},{"_444":481,"_286":481,"_243":304,"_417":482},{"_444":476,"_286":476,"_243":304,"_417":477},{"_444":471,"_286":471,"_243":304,"_417":472},{"_444":466,"_286":466,"_243":304,"_417":467},{"_444":461,"_286":461,"_243":304,"_417":462},{"_444":454,"_286":454,"_243":304,"_417":455},{"_444":445,"_286":445,"_243":304,"_417":446},"hostName","amazon-adsystem.com",[447,448],{"_77":453,"_450":445,"_451":32,"_243":452},{"_77":449,"_450":445,"_451":32,"_243":452},"ad-privacy","host","isSession","This domain is owned by online retailer Amazon and is used as part of its affiliate marketing programme.","ad-id","doubleclick.net",[456,457],{"_77":460,"_450":454,"_451":32,"_243":459},{"_77":458,"_450":454,"_451":32,"_243":459},"IDE","This domain is owned by Doubleclick (Google). 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It uses the data gathered from most of these services to profile the interests of web users and sell advertising space to organisations based on such interest profiles as well as aligning adverts to the content on the pages where its customer's adverts appear.","tags.srv.stackadapt.com",[493,494,495,496],{"_77":501,"_450":491,"_451":32,"_243":498},{"_77":500,"_450":491,"_451":32,"_243":498},{"_77":499,"_450":491,"_451":32,"_243":498},{"_77":497,"_450":491,"_451":32,"_243":498},"sa-user-id-v3","This domain is associated with StackAdapt, a platform for programmatic advertising, which suggests that it is used for targeting and advertising purposes.","sa-user-id","sa-user-id-v2","sa-user-id-v4","linkedin.com",[504],{"_77":505,"_450":502,"_451":32,"_243":506},"bcookie","This domain is owned by LinkedIn, the business networking platform. It typically acts as a third party host where website owners have placed one of its content sharing buttons in their pages, although its content and services can be embedded in other ways. Although such buttons add functionality to the website they are on, cookies are set regardless of whether or not the visitor has an active Linkedin profile, or agreed to their terms and conditions. For this reason it is classified as a primarily tracking/targeting domain.","twitter.com",[509,510,511,512],{"_77":518,"_450":507,"_451":32,"_243":514},{"_77":516,"_450":507,"_451":32,"_243":517},{"_77":515,"_450":507,"_451":32,"_243":514},{"_77":513,"_450":507,"_451":32,"_243":514},"personalization_id","This domain is owned by Twitter. The main business activity is: Social Networking Services. Where twitter acts as a third party host, it collects data through a range of plug-ins and integrations, that is primarily used for tracking and targeting.","guest_id_marketing","guest_id","Twitter does not currently provide information on the use of specific cookies.","guest_id_ads","youtube.com",[521,522,523,524],{"_77":530,"_450":519,"_451":32,"_243":528},{"_77":529,"_450":519,"_451":32,"_243":528},{"_77":527,"_450":519,"_451":32,"_243":528},{"_77":525,"_450":519,"_451":32,"_243":526},"VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE","This cookie is used as a unique identifier to track viewing of videos","__Secure-YNID","YouTube is a Google owned platform for hosting and sharing videos. YouTube collects user data through videos embedded in websites, which is aggregated with profile data from other Google services in order to display targeted advertising to web visitors across a broad range of their own and other websites.","__Secure-YEC","__Secure-ROLLOUT_TOKEN","demdex.net",[533],{"_77":534,"_450":531,"_451":32,"_243":535},"demdex","This cookie helps Adobe Audience Manger perform basic functions such as visitor identification, ID synchronization, segmentation, modeling, reporting, etc.","im-apps.net",[538],{"_77":539,"_450":536,"_451":32,"_243":540},"receive-cookie-deprecation","This domain is owned by im-apps.net which provides information and resources about various instant messaging (IM) applications to help users make informed decisions based on their communication needs.","influ2.com",[543],{"_77":544,"_450":541,"_451":32,"_243":485},"R","6sc.co",[547],{"_77":548,"_450":545,"_451":32,"_243":549},"6suuid","This domain is associated with the company 6Sense Insights, Inc., which provides predictive analytics and account engagement services. 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It stores a unique visitor identifier, and uses an organisation identifier to allow a company to track users across their domains and services.This is a pattern type cookie name associated with Adobe Marketing Cloud. It stores a unique visitor identifier, and uses an organisation identifier.","kndctr_F207D74D549850760A4C98C6_AdobeOrg_identity","_rdt_pn","www.nvidia.com","This cookie name is associated with www.mind.org.uk which is used for marketing purposes.","ai-podcast.nvidia.com","This cookie is used to identify the user's session on the website and is often associated with analytics or personalization.","_gcl_au","Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement efficiency across websites using their services","_mkto_trk","This cookie is associated with an email marketing service provided by Marketo. This tracking cookie allows a website to link visitor behaviour to the recipient of an email marketing campaign, to measure campaign effectiveness.","_gat_gtag_UA_140825383_2","Google Analytics","_zitok","This cookie name is associated with ZoomInfo which is used to maintain a unique visitor identifier and store Personally Identifiable Information.","_rdt_uuid","This cookie is set by Reddit and is used for tracking the views of embedded videos and performance of the advertisements.","AMP_91bf70adfe","Supports Amplitude product analytics.","This cookie name is associated with StackAdapt Inc. which is used to support the effective management and optimization of digital advertising campaigns by handling information such as visitor actions on websites, visited pages, time spent, page load speed, and more.","build.nvidia.com","kndctr_F207D74D549850760A4C98C6_AdobeOrg_cluster","_cs_nnnnnnnnnnnnn","This is a session cookie. 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It is commonly used for analytics and personalization of content.","marketplace.nvidia.com","AMP_MKTG_92dea1e784","This cookie is typically associated with SnackTools, which is a suite of web applications for creating and sharing multimedia content. It is used to identify a user across sessions and track user activities.","forums.developer.nvidia.com","This cookie is typically associated with the use of Taptap Digital, a company specializing in digital advertising. It is used for tracking and ad personalization purposes.","_tt_enable_cookie","This cookie name is associated with TikTok which is used to collect data about behavior and purchases on the website and to measure the effect of advertising. It is also used to track website activity to help optimize advertising efforts.","AMCV_xxxxxAdobeOrg","This cookie is used to identify a unique visitor for tracking purposes by Adobe Experience Cloud.This is a pattern type cookie name associated with Adobe Marketing Cloud. It stores a unique visitor identifier, and uses an organisation identifier to allow a company to track users across their domains and services.","ttcsid","This cookie name is associated with TikTok which is used to enable TikTok Ads session tracking by assigning a unique session ID to users who click on TikTok ads, allowing for the attribution of user behavior and conversions within the same session.This cookie is associated with TikTok. It helps track your activity on the platform, including how you interact with their embedded services on other websites.","AMP_MKTG_91bf70adfe","C0003","Personalization Cookies","These cookies collect data about how you have interacted with our website to help us improve your web experience, such as which pages you have visited. These cookies may store a unique ID so that our system will remember you when you return. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These cookies enable us to provide enhanced website functionality and personalization as well as make the marketing messages we send to you more relevant to your interests. If you do not allow these cookies, then some or all of these services may not function properly.",[676,677,678,679,680,681,682,683,684,685,686,687,688,689,690,691,692,693,694,695,696],[641,642,643,644,645],{"_444":536,"_286":536,"_243":304,"_417":667},{"_444":502,"_286":502,"_243":304,"_417":662},{"_444":655,"_286":655,"_243":304,"_417":656},{"_444":651,"_286":651,"_243":304,"_417":652},{"_444":646,"_286":646,"_243":304,"_417":647},"nvcrm.my.site.com",[648],{"_77":649,"_450":646,"_451":32,"_243":650},"BrowserId","If you know anything about this cookie and its uses that are not specific to a particular site please add your contributions.","nvidia.partners",[653],{"_77":654,"_450":651,"_451":32,"_243":485},"edge","github.com",[657,658],{"_77":661,"_450":655,"_451":32,"_243":660},{"_77":659,"_450":655,"_451":32,"_243":660},"logged_in","This domain is owned by Github. 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The data is aggregated and analyzed; therefore, it remains anonymous upon use.\n","nvHeadless","This cookie is likely used to track if a user is using the site in a 'headless' non-GUI mode, which could be for accessibility reasons or for automated processes.","_biz_nA","C0002","Performance Cookies","These cookies are used to provide quantitative measures of our website visitors, such as the number of times you visit, time on page, your mouse movements, scrolling, clicks and keystroke activity on the websites; other browsing, search, or product research behavior; and what brought you to our site. These cookies may store a unique ID so that our system will remember you when you return. Information collected with these cookies is used to measure and find ways to improve website 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