Model Overview

Description

ReaSyn is a model for predicting the synthesis pathway, reaction steps from reactants to finadatal product(s), for a target product molecule. When the target molecule cannot be synthesized directly using known reaction steps, ReaSyn will generate the pathways for the most structurally similar, synthesizable analog of the target molecule.The model uses an encoder-decoder transformer architecture and a chain-of-reaction notation, where a full synthetic pathway is represented as a text sequence. This approach allows the model to achieve SOTA performance in tasks like synthesis planning and incorporating synthesizability into goal-directed molecular property optimization.

This model is ready for commercial use.

License/Terms of Use

GOVERNING TERMS: Use of this model is governed by the NVIDIA Open Model License. ReaSyn source code is licensed under Apache 2.0.

Deployment Geography: Global

Use Case:
\nReaSyn is a model for predicting the synthetic pathway, reaction steps from reactants to final product(s), for a target product molecule. The model can be used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries and in academic research to identify how to synthesize a molecule, help chemists in planning a first time synthesis of a molecule, the optimization of an existing synthesis pathway, or the filtering of candidate molecules based on ease of synthesis.

Release Date:
\nGithub 09/23/2025 via https://github.com/NVIDIA-Digital-Bio/ReaSyn
\nNGC 09/23/2025

References

Research paper: “Rethinking Molecule Synthesizability with Chain-of-Reaction”

Model Architecture

Architecture Type: Encoder-decoder\nNetwork Architecture: Encoder-decoder Transformer\nReaSyn utilizes an Encoder-decoder Transformer architecture which takes a molecular SMILES as input and outputs its synthetic pathway. Encoder contains 6 layers and decoder contains 10 layers. Both encoder and decoder have a hidden size of 768, 16 attention heads, and a feed-forward dimension of 4096.

The total number of parameters in ReaSyn is 166M.

Input

Input Types: Text
\nInput Formats: SMILES string
\nInput Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)
\nOther Properties Related to Input: Maximum input length is 256 tokens.

Output

Output Types: Text
\nOutput Formats: Chain-of-Reaction sequence (molecular synthetic pathway)
\nOutput Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)
\nOther Properties Related to Output: Maximum output length is 768 tokens.

Our AI models are designed and/or optimized to run on NVIDIA GPU-accelerated systems. By leveraging NVIDIA’s hardware (e.g. GPU cores) and software frameworks (e.g., CUDA libraries), the model achieves faster training and inference times compared to CPU-only solutions.

Software Integration

Runtime Engine: Torch
\nSupported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility: NVIDIA Ampere
\nPreferred Operating System: Linux, Windows

The integration of foundation and fine-tuned models into AI systems requires additional testing using use-case-specific data to ensure safe and effective deployment. Following the V-model methodology, iterative testing and validation at both unit and system levels are essential to mitigate risks, meet technical and functional requirements, and ensure compliance with safety and ethical standards before deployment.

Model Versions

ReaSyn v1

Training and Evaluation Datasets

Training Datasets

SynFormer Reaction Templates
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/rxn_templates/comprehensive.txt
\nData Modality: Text
\nText Training Data Size: 1 Billion to 10 Trillion Tokens
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: Automated
\nProperties: 115 molecular reaction templates in the SMARTS format

Building Blocks in Enamine US Stock retrieved in October 2023
\nLink: https://enamine.net/building-blocks/building-blocks-catalog
\nData Modality: Text
\nText Training Data Size: 1 Billion to 10 Trillion Tokens
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: 115 molecular reaction templates in the SMARTS format

Evaluation Dataset

Enamine REAL Test Set
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/enamine_smiles_1k.txt
\nhttps://enamine.net/compound-collections/real-compounds/real-database
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from Enamine REAL to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.

ChEMBL Test Set
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/chembl_filtered_1k.txt
\nhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from ChEMBL to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.

ZINC250k Test Set
\nLink: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/basu369victor/zinc250k
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Synthetic
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from ZINC250k to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.

Inference

Engine: Torch
\nTest Hardware: Ampere / NVIDIA A100

Ethical Considerations

NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.

Users are responsible for ensuring the physical properties of model-generated molecules are appropriately evaluated and comply with applicable safety regulations and ethical standards.

For more detailed information on ethical considerations for this model, please see the Model Card++ Explainability, Bias, Safety & Security, and Privacy Subcards.

Please report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns here.

Bias

Participation considerations from adversely impacted groups (protected classes) in model design and testing: None
\nMeasures taken to mitigate against unwanted bias: None

Explainability

Intended Application(s) & Domain(s): Molecular drug discovery and design
\nModel Type: Molecular synthesis pathway generation
\nIntended Users: Developers in the academic or pharmaceutical industries who want to predict synthesis pathways for molecules and who build artificial intelligence applications to perform property guided molecule optimization and novel molecule generation.
\nOutput: Text
\nDescribe how the model works: ReaSyn uses a Transformer encoder-decoder architecture and requires a \"target molecule\" as its input (SMILES format). The model then generates a synthetic pathway for a synthesizable molecule that that molecule, or, if needed, an analog of the input molecule.
\nName the adversely impacted groups this has been tested to deliver comparable outcomes regardless of: Not Applicable
\nTechnical Limitations: The model's reasoning steps, while incorporating reactants, reaction types, and intermediate products, do not account for other important reaction information like environmental conditions or yields. This could be a limitation in real-world drug discovery scenarios.
\nVerified to have met prescribed quality standards?: Yes
\nPerformance Metrics: Reconstruction rate, Similarity, Diversity (Pathway), Diversity (BB).
\nPotential Known Risks: The framework, while effective for generating drug candidates, also has the possibility of generating synthetic pathways for toxic drugs. This requires an additional scheme to be adopted to filter out harmful molecules during the generation search.
\nLicensing & Terms of Use: The use of this model is governed by the NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement.

Privacy

Generatable or reverse engineerable personal data?: No
\nPersonal data used to create this model?: No
\nHow often is the dataset reviewed?: Before Release
\nIs there provenance for all datasets used in training?: Yes
\nDoes data labeling (annotation, metadata) comply with privacy laws?: Yes
\nApplicable Privacy Policy: NVIDIA Privacy Policy

Safety

Model Application(s): Synthesis Pathway Prediction in drug, chemical, and materials design.
\nDescribe life critical impact (if present): Experimental results: Additional in silico and experimental tests are recommended before using the predicted synthesis paths in downstream applications.
\nUse Case Restrictions: Abide by NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement.
\nModel and Dataset Restrictions: The Principle of least privilege (PoLP) is applied limiting access for dataset generation and model development. Restrictions enforce dataset access during training, and dataset license constraints adhered to.

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\nReaSyn is a model for predicting the synthetic pathway, reaction steps from reactants to final product(s), for a target product molecule. The model can be used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries and in academic research to identify how to synthesize a molecule, help chemists in planning a first time synthesis of a molecule, the optimization of an existing synthesis pathway, or the filtering of candidate molecules based on ease of synthesis.
\n\nRelease Date:
\nGithub 09/23/2025 via https://github.com/NVIDIA-Digital-Bio/ReaSyn
\nNGC 09/23/2025
\n\n### References\nResearch paper: “Rethinking Molecule Synthesizability with Chain-of-Reaction”\n\n### Model Architecture\n\nArchitecture Type: Encoder-decoder\nNetwork Architecture: Encoder-decoder Transformer\nReaSyn utilizes an Encoder-decoder Transformer architecture which takes a molecular SMILES as input and outputs its synthetic pathway. Encoder contains 6 layers and decoder contains 10 layers. Both encoder and decoder have a hidden size of 768, 16 attention heads, and a feed-forward dimension of 4096.\n\nThe total number of parameters in ReaSyn is 166M.\n\n### Input\n\nInput Types: Text
\nInput Formats: SMILES string
\nInput Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)
\nOther Properties Related to Input: Maximum input length is 256 tokens.\n\n### Output\n\nOutput Types: Text
\nOutput Formats: Chain-of-Reaction sequence (molecular synthetic pathway)
\nOutput Parameters: One-Dimensional (1D)
\nOther Properties Related to Output: Maximum output length is 768 tokens.\n\nOur AI models are designed and/or optimized to run on NVIDIA GPU-accelerated systems. By leveraging NVIDIA’s hardware (e.g. GPU cores) and software frameworks (e.g., CUDA libraries), the model achieves faster training and inference times compared to CPU-only solutions.\n\n\n### Software Integration\n\nRuntime Engine: Torch
\nSupported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility: NVIDIA Ampere
\nPreferred Operating System: Linux, Windows\n\nThe integration of foundation and fine-tuned models into AI systems requires additional testing using use-case-specific data to ensure safe and effective deployment. Following the V-model methodology, iterative testing and validation at both unit and system levels are essential to mitigate risks, meet technical and functional requirements, and ensure compliance with safety and ethical standards before deployment.\n\n### Model Versions\n\nReaSyn v1\n\n\n## Training and Evaluation Datasets\n\n### Training Datasets\n\nSynFormer Reaction Templates
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/rxn_templates/comprehensive.txt
\nData Modality: Text
\nText Training Data Size: 1 Billion to 10 Trillion Tokens
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: Automated
\nProperties: 115 molecular reaction templates in the SMARTS format\n\nBuilding Blocks in Enamine US Stock retrieved in October 2023
\nLink: https://enamine.net/building-blocks/building-blocks-catalog
\nData Modality: Text
\nText Training Data Size: 1 Billion to 10 Trillion Tokens
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: 115 molecular reaction templates in the SMARTS format\n\n### Evaluation Dataset\n\nEnamine REAL Test Set
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/enamine_smiles_1k.txt
\nhttps://enamine.net/compound-collections/real-compounds/real-database
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from Enamine REAL to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.
\n\nChEMBL Test Set
\nLink: https://github.com/wenhao-gao/synformer/blob/main/data/chembl_filtered_1k.txt
\nhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Human
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from ChEMBL to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.
\n\nZINC250k Test Set
\nLink: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/basu369victor/zinc250k
\nData Collection Method by dataset: Synthetic
\nLabeling Method by dataset: N/A
\nProperties: Randomly selected 1k test molecules from ZINC250k to evaluate synthesizable molecule reconstruction.
\n\n### Inference\n\nEngine: Torch
\nTest Hardware: Ampere / NVIDIA A100\n\n### Ethical Considerations\n\nNVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.\n\nUsers are responsible for ensuring the physical properties of model-generated molecules are appropriately evaluated and comply with applicable safety regulations and ethical standards.\n\nFor more detailed information on ethical considerations for this model, please see the Model Card++ Explainability, Bias, Safety & Security, and Privacy Subcards.\n\nPlease report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns [here](https://app.intigriti.com/programs/nvidia/nvidiavdp/detail).\n\n\n### Bias\nParticipation considerations from adversely impacted groups (protected classes) in model design and testing: None
\nMeasures taken to mitigate against unwanted bias: None\n\n### Explainability\nIntended Application(s) & Domain(s): Molecular drug discovery and design
\nModel Type: Molecular synthesis pathway generation
\nIntended Users: Developers in the academic or pharmaceutical industries who want to predict synthesis pathways for molecules and who build artificial intelligence applications to perform property guided molecule optimization and novel molecule generation.
\nOutput: Text
\nDescribe how the model works: ReaSyn uses a Transformer encoder-decoder architecture and requires a \"target molecule\" as its input (SMILES format). The model then generates a synthetic pathway for a synthesizable molecule that that molecule, or, if needed, an analog of the input molecule.
\nName the adversely impacted groups this has been tested to deliver comparable outcomes regardless of: Not Applicable
\nTechnical Limitations: The model's reasoning steps, while incorporating reactants, reaction types, and intermediate products, do not account for other important reaction information like environmental conditions or yields. This could be a limitation in real-world drug discovery scenarios.
\nVerified to have met prescribed quality standards?: Yes
\nPerformance Metrics: Reconstruction rate, Similarity, Diversity (Pathway), Diversity (BB).
\nPotential Known Risks: The framework, while effective for generating drug candidates, also has the possibility of generating synthetic pathways for toxic drugs. This requires an additional scheme to be adopted to filter out harmful molecules during the generation search.
\nLicensing & Terms of Use: The use of this model is governed by the [NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/agreements/enterprise-software/nvidia-open-model-license/).\n\n### Privacy\nGeneratable or reverse engineerable personal data?: No
\nPersonal data used to create this model?: No
\nHow often is the dataset reviewed?: Before Release
\nIs there provenance for all datasets used in training?: Yes
\nDoes data labeling (annotation, metadata) comply with privacy laws?: Yes
\nApplicable Privacy Policy: [NVIDIA Privacy Policy](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/about-nvidia/privacy-policy/)\n\n### Safety\nModel Application(s): Synthesis Pathway Prediction in drug, chemical, and materials design.
\nDescribe life critical impact (if present): Experimental results: Additional in silico and experimental tests are recommended before using the predicted synthesis paths in downstream applications.
\nUse Case Restrictions: Abide by [NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/agreements/enterprise-software/nvidia-open-model-license/).
\nModel and Dataset Restrictions: The Principle of least privilege (PoLP) is applied limiting access for dataset generation and model development. Restrictions enforce dataset access during training, and dataset license constraints adhered to.","displayName","ReaSyn",["D",1758309494708],"publisher","NVIDIA","latestVersion","collectionCounts","imageUrl","/api/image/nvidia/clara/resources/reasyn","rawImageUrl","canGuestDownload","latestVersionSizeInBytes","licenseTerms","isMultinodeEnabled","isMultiArchitecture","bias","explainability","privacy","safetyAndSecurity","featureLabels",[],"displayLabels",[271,272,273,274],"policyLabels",[],"systemLabels",[],"products",[],"hasNimMetadata",{"_241":289,"_276":290,"_277":291,"_279":88},{"_241":285,"_276":286,"_277":287,"_279":88},{"_241":281,"_276":282,"_277":283,"_279":88},{"_241":275,"_276":275,"_277":278,"_279":88},"NSPECT-NZMC-4JKB","value","filter",{"_280":88,"_276":275},"category","field","Healthcare","indus_healthcare",{"_280":284,"_276":282},"industry","Drug Discovery","uscs_drug_discovery",{"_280":288,"_276":286},"application","AI","soln_ai",{"_280":292,"_276":290},"technology",{"_152":1267,"_154":1268},"ngcApps",[1220],"csaApiBaseUrl","https://www.nvidia.com/ai-agents/csa-agent/dcsm","datadogRum",{"_1201":1202,"_1203":1204,"_1205":1206,"_1207":1208,"_1209":304,"_110":330,"_1210":1211,"_1212":59,"_1213":91,"_1214":91,"_1215":1216,"_1217":91,"_1218":1219},"amplitude",{"_1198":1199,"_840":-7,"_1200":34},"disableJs","environment","prod","featureFlagsBlob","JTdCJTIydGVzdEZsYWclMjIlM0FmYWxzZSUyQyUyMnNob3dTZWFyY2hMYWJlbFNldEZpbHRlcnMlMjIlM0FmYWxzZSUyQyUyMmVuYWJsZUNzYVdpZGdldCUyMiUzQWZhbHNlJTJDJTIyZW5hYmxlUHJvZHVjdEdyb3VwaW5nQnlTdWJzY3JpcHRpb24lMjIlM0FmYWxzZSUyQyUyMmNvbnRhaW5lclNjYW5uaW5nUmVkZXNpZ25NMiUyMiUzQWZhbHNlJTdE","featureFlagsGuarded","isDevLikeEnv","isPlaywright","isMobileDevice","categorizedOrgs",{"_1192":1193,"_1194":1195,"_1196":1197},"currentOrgContext","currentContextRoles",[],"enterpriseOrgs",[],"manageableExternalUserGroups",[],"ngcApiOrigin","ngcHelmOrigin","origin","https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com","usesMocks","theme","year",2026,"now",1787787893665,"1.12.0","defaultSearchSuggestions",{"_1080":220,"_1081":1082,"_1083":1084,"_1085":1086},"announcements",[],"consentState",{"_366":1070,"_1071":91,"_1072":34,"_1073":34,"_1074":1075},"consentConfig",{"_348":349,"_350":351,"_352":353,"_354":355,"_356":357,"_358":359,"_360":361,"_362":363,"_364":365,"_366":367},"showContactAdmin",[],[],[343,344,345,346,347],{"_48":63,"_50":74,"_52":147,"_54":-5,"_56":-5,"_58":59},{"_48":63,"_50":70,"_52":147,"_54":-5,"_56":-5,"_58":59},{"_48":63,"_50":64,"_52":147,"_54":-5,"_56":-5,"_58":59},{"_48":60,"_50":61,"_52":147,"_54":-5,"_56":-5,"_58":59},{"_48":49,"_50":51,"_52":53,"_54":55,"_56":62,"_58":59},"mainInfoText","We and our third-party partners (including social media, advertising, and analytics partners) use cookies and other tracking technologies to collect, store, monitor, and process certain information about you when you visit our website. The information collected might relate to you, your preferences, or your device. We use that information to make the site work, analyze performance and traffic on our website, provide a more personalized web experience, and assist in our marketing efforts.

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This tracking cookie allows a website to link visitor behaviour to the recipient of an email marketing campaign, to measure campaign effectiveness.","investor.nvidia.com","This cookie is associated with Eventbrite and is used to deliver content tailored to the end user's interests and improve content creation. This cookie is also used for event-booking purposes.","_gat_gtag_UA_140825383_2","Google Analytics","_rdt_uuid","This cookie is set by Reddit and is used for tracking the views of embedded videos and performance of the advertisements.","catalog.ngc.nvidia.com","_uetsid","This cookie is used by Bing to determine what ads should be shown that may be relevant to the end user perusing the site. ","kndctr_F207D74D549850760A4C98C6_AdobeOrg_bc_session_id","ttcsid_XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXCategory","This cookie name is associated with TikTok which is used to track your activity on the platform, including how you interact with their embedded services on other websites.This cookie is associated with TikTok. It helps track your activity on the platform, including how you interact with their embedded services on other websites.","_fbp","Used by Facebook to deliver a series of advertisement products such as real time bidding from third party advertisers","_zitok","_twpid","This cookie is typically associated with the use of Taptap Digital, a company specializing in digital advertising. It is used for tracking and ad personalization purposes.","_tt_enable_cookie","This cookie name is associated with TikTok which is used to collect data about behavior and purchases on the website and to measure the effect of advertising. 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It helps track your activity on the platform, including how you interact with their embedded services on other websites.","C0003","Personalization Cookies","These cookies collect data about how you have interacted with our website to help us improve your web experience, such as which pages you have visited. These cookies may store a unique ID so that our system will remember you when you return. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. These cookies enable us to provide enhanced website functionality and personalization as well as make the marketing messages we send to you more relevant to your interests. If you do not allow these cookies, then some or all of these services may not function properly.",[597,598,599,600,601,602,603,604,605,606,607,608,609,610,611,612,613,614,615,616,617,618,619,620,621],[568,569,570,571,572],{"_407":482,"_241":482,"_212":220,"_380":592},{"_407":456,"_241":456,"_212":220,"_380":587},{"_407":582,"_241":582,"_212":220,"_380":583},{"_407":577,"_241":577,"_212":220,"_380":578},{"_407":573,"_241":573,"_212":220,"_380":574},"nvidia.partners",[575],{"_113":576,"_413":573,"_414":34,"_212":450},"edge","app.hushly.com",[579],{"_113":580,"_413":577,"_414":34,"_212":581},"*CORS","This domain is associated with Hushly, a platform that provides lead conversion solutions for content marketing by using personalization and content engagement strategies.","github.com",[584],{"_113":585,"_413":582,"_414":34,"_212":586},"_octo","This domain is owned by Github. 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We have categorized it under Functionality because it is necessary for the operation of our affiliate program.","nv_country_code","developer.nvidia.com","This cookie is likely used to store the country code of the visitor to provide localized content and possibly for legal compliance with regional data privacy laws.","_gdxxxxxxxxxxxxx","nvidianews.nvidia.com","docs.api.nvidia.com","research.nvidia.com","readme_library","wcmmode","ai-podcast.nvidia.com","resources.nvidia.com","geo_locator","openedx-language-preference","learn.nvidia.com","doxygen_width","raytracing-docs.nvidia.com","This cookie is likely used to remember the width preferences of a sidebar or interface element within a documentation platform like Doxygen.","_sfid_eb78","This cookie is categorized as Functionality Cookie.","crowdsource.nvidia.com","mbox","Cookie set by Adobe SiteCatalyst analytics software - used for measuring the performance of page content using A/B split testing","readme_language","vid","This cookie name 'vid' is used for tracking the search request made by the user on the 'Find a practitioner' page.","at_check","Used by Adobe Target to check if cookies are enabled/supported on the browser","blogs.nvidia.com","nvHeadless","This cookie is likely used to track if a user is using the site in a 'headless' non-GUI mode, which could be for accessibility reasons or for automated processes.","C0002","Performance Cookies","These cookies are used to provide quantitative measures of our website visitors, such as the number of times you visit, time on page, your mouse movements, scrolling, clicks and keystroke activity on the websites; other browsing, search, or product research behavior; and what brought you to our site. These cookies may store a unique ID so that our system will remember you when you return. Information collected with these cookies is used to measure and find ways to improve website performance.",[680,681,682,683,684,685,686,687,688,689,690,691,692,693,694,695,696,697,698,699,700,701,702,703,704,705,706,707,708],[660,661,662,663],{"_407":675,"_241":675,"_212":220,"_380":676},{"_407":670,"_241":670,"_212":220,"_380":671},{"_407":469,"_241":469,"_212":220,"_380":667},{"_407":582,"_241":582,"_212":220,"_380":664},[665],{"_113":666,"_413":582,"_414":91,"_212":586},"_gh_sess",[668],{"_113":669,"_413":469,"_414":91,"_212":476},"YSC","bizible.com",[672],{"_113":673,"_413":670,"_414":34,"_212":674},"_BUID","Bizible is a marketing attribution software that tracks the performance of marketing efforts and connects them to revenue, primarily used for B2B environments.","a.usbrowserspeed.com",[677],{"_113":678,"_413":675,"_414":34,"_212":679},"tuid","This domain is owned by Ookla which provides internet speed testing services through its Speedtest application.",{"_113":750,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":751},{"_113":735,"_413":749,"_414":91,"_212":736},{"_113":718,"_413":531,"_414":34,"_212":643},{"_113":718,"_413":631,"_414":34,"_212":643},{"_113":747,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":748},{"_113":735,"_413":534,"_414":91,"_212":736},{"_113":745,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":746},{"_113":735,"_413":531,"_414":91,"_212":736},{"_113":743,"_413":630,"_414":34,"_212":744},{"_113":735,"_413":652,"_414":91,"_212":736},{"_113":715,"_413":531,"_414":34,"_212":717},{"_113":741,"_413":528,"_414":91,"_212":742},{"_113":739,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":740},{"_113":737,"_413":528,"_414":91,"_212":738},{"_113":735,"_413":626,"_414":91,"_212":736},{"_113":733,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":734},{"_113":731,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":732},{"_113":729,"_413":528,"_414":91,"_212":730},{"_113":727,"_413":635,"_414":34,"_212":728},{"_113":715,"_413":626,"_414":34,"_212":717},{"_113":725,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":726},{"_113":723,"_413":528,"_414":91,"_212":724},{"_113":721,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":722},{"_113":719,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":720},{"_113":718,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":643},{"_113":715,"_413":716,"_414":34,"_212":717},{"_113":713,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":714},{"_113":711,"_413":528,"_414":91,"_212":712},{"_113":709,"_413":528,"_414":34,"_212":710},"_ga_xxxxxxxxxx","Used by Google Analytics to identify and track an individual session with your device.","s_ppvl","This cookie is set by Adobe Analytics to store information on the percentage of the page displayed to the end user.","coveo_visitorId","This cookie name is associated with Coveo which is used to store a unique user ID for marketing purposes and to track the number of distinct users who submitted a query or clicked an item, counting them only once even if they did the same query or clicked the same item over the course of many visits.","_dd_s","marketplace.nvidia.com","Datadog Cookie used to group all events generated from a unique user session across multiple pages. It contains the current session ID, whether the session is excluded due to sampling, and the expiration date of the session. The cookie is extended for an extra 15 minutes every time the user interacts with the website, up to the maximum user session duration (4 hours).","nvweb_A","_ga","This cookie name is associated with Google Universal Analytics - which is a significant update to Google's more commonly used analytics service. This cookie is used to distinguish unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. It is included in each page request in a site and used to calculate visitor, session and campaign data for the sites analytics reports. By default it is set to expire after 2 years, although this is customisable by website owners.","_uetvid","This is a cookie utilised by Microsoft Bing Ads and is a tracking cookie. It allows us to engage with a user that has previously visited our website.","tp","This cookie is associated with Adobe Analytics site tracking. It registers if the website's scroll-depth detection is active. This function remembers how far the user has scrolled on the current session across the website's sub-pages.","_hly_vid","This cookie _hly_vid is used to record website and server performance with each visit to the site. The data is aggregated and analyzed; therefore, it remains anonymous upon use.","_session_id","This cookie creates an interim session ID used as an in-session user ID.\n","s_cc","This cookie is associated with the Adobe Site Catalyst. It determines whether cookies are enabled in the web browser.","s_ecid","Adobe Analytics cookie containing the the Adobe Experience Cloud 1st party visitor id if the Analytics AMCV visitor id is not found.","_hjSessionUser_xxxxxx","Hotjar cookie that is set when a user first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. 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